Weight Loss Injections May Cure Sleep Apnoea in Half

Scientists say weight loss injections could put a sleeping disorder affecting ten million Britons into remission. A new review reveals that up to half of patients using tirzepatide, commonly known as Mounjaro, banished their sleep apnoea entirely. This condition forces victims' breathing to stop and start repeatedly throughout the night, triggering loud snoring that disturbs others. Without treatment, experts warn it can lead to a range of serious problems like high blood pressure, stroke, type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and depression.

The most common form is obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). Lifestyle changes such as losing weight, quitting smoking, and cutting down on alcohol are the first line of defense. However, a device that pumps a steady flow of air through a mask, known as a CPAP machine, is frequently prescribed to NHS patients. The new research suggests the jabs, called GLP-1 agonists, may also help solve this problem.

Scientists from the University of Pittsburgh Medical Centre reviewed the evidence. They looked at two trials where 469 patients with moderate-to-severe OSA were taking tirzepatide. Not only did these people lose around a fifth of their body weight, but the effects on their sleep apnoea were stark. They experienced more than 20 fewer 'OSA events' per hour, suggesting that their breathing improved and they snored less. Furthermore, between 42 per cent and 50 per cent of the patients saw their OSA go into complete remission. This rate was around three times higher than people in the group who took a placebo drug.

Authors of the review, published in the journal JAMA Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, believe weight loss is the main reason for this benefit. Experts have long known that shedding pounds is one of the best ways to tackle the condition. Fat around the neck worsens symptoms because it narrows airways in the throat, leading to obstructions. Carrying more weight can also make it harder for lungs to expand.

Despite these positive results, researchers stressed that drugs should not be considered a replacement for CPAP machines, particularly for people with severe OSA. The devices prescribed to around one million Britons reduced more than 30 OSA events every hour. There is also uncertainty over what happens if patients stop taking the weight-loss drugs. Previous research found that weight regain is common after stopping GLP-1 treatment, suggesting OSA may return as well.

Tirzepatide was approved by US health officials in December 2024 to treat obesity in adults with OSA. It is not yet licensed for this purpose in Britain. Other symptoms include making gasping or choking noises during sleep and frequently waking up. During the day, warning signs can include tiredness, struggling to concentrate, mood swings, and headaches. Could a simple injection offer relief to millions? The answer seems to be yes, but doctors urge caution.